Create and maintain a safe environment Essay

It is utmost importance for learners to feel physically and emotionally safe in order for learning to take place. Safe in terms of physical safety but emotional safety too in order for them to feel emotionally safe enough to engage in the classroom. It is important to understand that the learning establishing a safe learning environment provides the key to the success of the teaching/training process. This environment should be a place that puts learners at ease from anxiety, prejudice, and fear of criticism. The role of the teacher is to create an environment where everyone is accepted and learning can take place freely with mistakes happening as well. Although the trainer/teacher has the lead role it is accepted that there are no experts and good valid contributions can be made by participants. This creates a good learning environment where learning can take place. Laying down ground rules at the start of each session helps to establish expected behaviour from the participants and helps the m feel safe. Any adverse behaviour/ disruptive behaviour should be dealt with swiftly in a way that makes everyone feel safe and respected. The learning environment should be physically safe and health and safety procedures need to be adhered to. Trailing wires should be clipped appropriately and trailed appropriately avoiding trip hazards. If physical active exercise consists of the course then appropriate mats /flooring should be made available Assessment Criteria 1.2.2 – EXPLAIN why it is important to promote appropriate behaviour and respect for others. EXPLAIN 3 types of learner behaviour that may hinder learning and suggest ways of overcoming these. Learner Behaviour How I could overcome this A learner may have a strong opinion about a subject matter and this might start to affect others who may not agree with him/her I would thank the learner for taking time to bring this up. Validate their point by saying it was an issue that was very debatable and I would invite them on a 1 to one session to discuss the issue further in order for the rest of work we need to cover on the session to progress. A learner may become very chatty with others. This distracts other learners and they miss important parts of the session. A learner may use inappropriate language. Other learners may find this offensive. I would use an activity that would engage the leaner as it may be possible that they may start getting bored. In the process I may mix groups and shuffle people about so people get to share different ideas and try and see things from different points of view. It would be important to address this by saying â€Å"We agreed not to use inappropriate language in this session, let’s all be respectful of each other† If the behaviour persisted I would request to have a word with the offender in private and explain that his behaviour was disruptive and how it was affecting others. If this failed I may have to follow policy and procedure and ask them to leave the course to avoid further disruption. A learner has disrupted my lesson when we were doing a needs assessment where all the participants say what they would like to gain/learn on the day. He said he wasn’t here to learn anything and didn’t want to be on the course. He said he was only here because his manager had told him to. His tone was harsh and quite aggressive. I arrived on to the next person and called a  quick coffee break for 10 minutes. During the break I spoke to Tony who became very tearful and explained to me that he was agro phobic and did not like to be in large groups of people. He also explained that he suffered from depression and although it was currently under control with his medication he had relapsed. He also explained to me that he had been threatened with a disciplinary and had come on to the course under duress. I then explained that he was free to go home and I was going to have a meeting with his manager to try and rectify the situation. When I spoke to the manager we arranged to facilitate the same training for this individual in a smaller session where he felt more comfortable and at a time when he felt his mental state was better. I carried on with the rest of the learners and apologised for the disruption earlier in the session. Reference list Gravells, A (2013) The Award in Education and Training Exeter: Learning Matters

Night World : The Chosen Chapter 17

Hunter's yacht was bigger than the powerboat Quinn had brought to the island. There was a salon down in the cabin and two separate staterooms. Right now, Timmy was in one of them. Nyala was in another. Quinn had put them both to sleep. Quinn and Rashel were in the cockpit. â€Å"Do you think any of the vampires got out?† Rashel said softly. â€Å"I don't know. Probably.† His voice was as quiet as hers. He was filthy, covered with sand and soot, burned here and there, and wildly disheveled. He had never looked more beautiful to Rashel. â€Å"You saved Nyala,† she whispered. â€Å"And I know you did it for me.† He looked at her and some of the tense focus went out of his eyes. The hardness in his face softened. Rashel took his hand. She didn't know how to say the rest of what she meant. That she knew he had changed, that he was changing every minute. She could almost feel the new parts of his mind opening and growing-or rather, the old parts, the parts he'd deliberately left behind when he stopped being human. â€Å"Thank you, John Quinn,† she whispered. He laughed. It wasn't a savage laugh, or a bitter laugh, or even the charming Mad Hatter laugh. It was just a real laugh. Tired and shaky, but happy. â€Å"What else could I do?† Then he reached for her and they were holding each other. They might look like two refugees from a disaster movie, but all Rashel felt was the singing joy of their closeness. It was such comfort to be able to hold on to Quinn, and such wonder to feel him holding her back. A feeling of peace stole over her. There were still problems ahead. She knew that. Her mind was already clicking through them, forming a dim checklist of things to worry about when she regained the ability to worry. Hunter and the other vampires. They might still be alive. They might come looking for revenge. But even if they did†¦ Rashel had spent her whole life fighting the Night World alone. Now she had Quinn beside her, and together they could take on anything. Daphne and the girls. Rashel felt sure they were safe; she trusted Annelise and Keiko. But once they got home, they'd be traumatized. They would need help. And someone would need to figure out what they should tell the rest of the world. Not that anyone would believe it was real vampires who had kidnapped them if they said so, Rashel thought. The police would pass it off as a cult or something. Still, the girls know the truth. They may be fresh recruits for the fight†¦. Against what? How could she be a vampire hunter now? How could she try to destroy the Night World? Where could a reformed vampire and a burned-out vampire hunter go when they fell in love? The answer, of course, was obvious. Rashel knew even as she formed the question, and she laughed silently into Quinn's shoulder. Circle Daybreak. They'd become damned Daybreakers. Granted, they weren't the type to dance in circles with flowers in their hair, singing about love and harmony and all that. But if Circle Daybreak was going to make any headway, it needed something besides love and harmony. It needed a fighting arm. Somebody to deal with the vampires who were hopelessly evil and bent on destruction. Somebody to save people like Nyala's sister. Somebody to protect kids like Timmy. Come to think of it, Circle Daybreak was where Nyala and Timmy belonged, too. Right now they need peace and healing, and people who would understand what they'd been through. I don't know, Rashel thought, maybe witches can help. She hoped so. She thought Nyala would be all right-there was a kind of inner strength to the girl that kept her fighting. She wasn't so sure about Timmy. Trapped in a four-year-old body, his mind twisted by whatever lies Hunter had told him†¦ what kind of normal life could he ever have? But he was alive, and there was a chance. And maybe there were parts of his mind that were bright and warm and aching to grow. Elliot and Vicky and the other vampire hunters. Rashel would have to talk to them, try to explain what she'd learned. She didn't know if they'd listen. But she would have to try. â€Å"All anybody can do is try,† she said softly. Quinn stirred. He leaned back to look into her face. â€Å"You're right,† he said, and she realized that he'd been thinking about the same things. Our minds work alike, she thought. She had found her partner, her equal, the one to work and live and love with her. Her soulmate. â€Å"I love you, John Quinn,† she said. And then they were kissing each other and she was finding in him a tenderness that even she hadn't suspected. But it made sense. After all, the opposite of absolute ruthlessness is absolute tenderness-and when you ripped the one away, you were left with the other. I wonder what else I'll find out about him? She thought, dizzy with discovery. Whatever it is, it's sure to be interesting. â€Å"I love you, Rashel Jordan,† he said against her lips. Not Rashel the Cat. The Cat was dead, and all the old anger and the hate had burned away. It was Rashel Jordan who was starting a new future. She kissed Quinn again and felt the beauty and the mystery of his thoughts. â€Å"Hold me tighter,† she whispered. â€Å"I'm a little cold.† â€Å"You are? I feel so warm. It's spring tomorrow, you know.† And then they both were quiet, lost in each other. The boat sped on through the sparkling ocean and into the promise of the moonlit night.. [The End]

Reflection Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reflection Questions - Assignment Example These weapons were devastating to soldiers as death tolls during the Great War’s massive battles resulted to horrific loss of life due to these new weapons. Civilian populations were mobilized to many industrial factories as these weapons were needed to be manufactured at both high rate and volume. While Russia’s initial involvement in the Great War was seen in a positive light, most Russian soldiers were conscripts who were not close to willing to join in. Coupled by the lack of effective logistics, poor leadership of Russia’s many officers, and the eventual staggering casualties and desertions; it would be no surprise that such news would increase the discontent in the already disillusioned Russian population to the point of revolt. As Trotsky (1930) observed, â€Å"the revolutionary elements, scattered at first, were drowned in the army almost without a trace, but with the growth of the general discontent they rose to the surface† (p.15). The withdrawal of Russia would lead to military and political changes in Europe afterwards. Howard (2002) posited that â€Å"by then the Russians might well be out of the war and the Germans able to concentrate all their forces on breaking the Western allies†, this would add military pressure to the Western Front which France and Great Britain were engaged in. Politically, Russia’s humiliating withdrawal would lead to the downfall of the Tsarist regime and pave way for the rise of the Communist Soviet Russia. The Russian Provisional Government under the Kerensky administration insisted on remaining in the Great War in was to adhere to its obligations with Russia’s wartime allies to continue the fight against the German and Austro-Hungarian Empires. This did not make the soldiers feel any better since such an objective showed less concern for the country’s welfare and situation. Vladimir â€Å"Lenin† Ulyanov and Lev Bronshtein,

Cross-cultural comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cross-cultural comparison - Essay Example Marriage is also important to the Ashanti. In Ashanti culture, marriages can be polygamous and having more than one wife is seen as an expression of generosity. Women cannot marry without the permission of the elder brother head of the household and both their parents. It is also common for Ashanti women to not meet their husbands until the marriage ceremony, and it is a duty of the parents to keep the tradition of marriage going (Fortes, 2008). The Ashanti are passionate about a number of arts, such as pottery and weaving. These skills are generally taught to daughters of the tribe by their mother. Conversely, young boys are required to learn a skill from their father. Boys are the only children to go to school, and this privilege has to be paid for by their genetic father. Finally, the Ashanti have a number of spiritual beliefs. Plants, animals and trees have souls. The Ashanti also believe in the existence of fairies and witches. There are also a number of gods that are worshipped by the tribe, some of which overlook events such as marriages and funerals, and the Nyame is the Supreme Being worshipped by the Ashanti (Fortes, 1948). The Amahuaca are a tribe that live in the Amazon, geographically located within Peru. The Amahuaca live in family housing, and families which are related in a patrilineal manner will make up one hamlet. Succession to the leadership of the hamlet is also patrilineal in nature, with this individual always being male and having the power to order tasks to be completed for the benefit of the village. There is generally no hostility within the clan, and non-conformity is generally accepted (Dole, 1979). The Amahuaca often view those who speak a different language (and are therefore part of what is known as nawa). Marriages are usually organised when the child is born, and it is common to marry together cousins

Service Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Service Marketing - Essay Example Apart from the consumption part the employment sector is getting a huge boost as many graduates and employable individuals are being recruited in the sector. The salaries are quite impressive and this definitely is improving the economy as a whole. As a matter of fact a few educational institutes have introduced retail management courses which enable the students to get a detailed training in this field. The sector is no longer a matter of buying and selling; it has changed into a thorough research area. Scholars and managers are trying to understand the nuances of this industry and trying to figure out the consumer behavior, the factors affecting the sector, the government regulations, pricing and sales promotions. From the consumers point of view it not only sells their necessities but also provides them a social platform to interact. For some it is the only source of social activity. If we look at the broader spectrum, we will see that the retail industry has crossed the borders and is now part of the global economy. The major retail players have taken full advantage of cross border trades and opening up of economies. This has not only created economies of scale but the marketers can now realign their supply chain management in a global way. They have the advantage of sourcing goods from the developing countries which offer competitive products at a lower cost. In the operations part the sheer volume is making the profits soar high, in spite of price cuts. The advantages apart, there are a few shortcomings which makes retailing not an easy job. When the matter of global trade arises one must understand that the economy, society and political environment of each country will differ. Every country or region has its own economy, which is affected by multiple reasons. It could be political, technological, social or any other external factors. The

Discuss the following statementCarbohydrates are not considered to be Essay

Discuss the following statementCarbohydrates are not considered to be an essential nutrient - Essay Example It is very easily digestible and is a much cheaper source of energy than proteins or fats. Carbohydrates are made up of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen and should constitute 40 to 50% of our daily diet. Carbohydrates chief dietary sources come from cereals, bread, potatoes, corn, pasta, fruits, peas, sugar and any kind of syrup. â€Å"Additionally, carbohydrates and their derivatives play major roles in the working process of the immune system, fertilization, pathogenesis, blood clotting, and development.† Maton, Anthea; Jean Hopkins, Charles William McLaughlin, Susan Johnson, Maryanna Quon Warner, David LaHart, Jill D. Wright (1993). The most basic units of Carbohydrates are called Monosaccharides which include glucose, fructose and galactose. These monosaccharides can be combined with each other to make polysaccharides (oligosaccharides) in many different ways. However, according to Westman in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, â€Å"Carbohydrates are not essential nutrients in humans: the body can obtain all its energy from protein and fats.† (Westman) One of the reasons for this notion is that both the brain and the neurons are not capable of burning fat and therefore rely on glucose to supply the energy. The body is quite capable of preparing glucose from some of the amino acids present in protein. Besides this, humans make use of only some of the carbohydrates for fuel or energy, whereas some types of carbohydrates could be made use of only with the help of gut bacteria. Considering the risk of heart diseases and also obesity, the Institute of Medicine recommended that American and Canadian adults get between 40-65% of dietary energy from carbohydrates.† (Food and Nutrition Board, 2002/2005) The Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization jointly recommend that national dietary guidelines set a goal of 55-75% of total energy from carbohydrates, but only 10%

The Effects of Fiscal Policy (An increase in Government Purchase Essay

The Effects of Fiscal Policy (An increase in Government Purchase - Essay Example Although this practice exposes the government to significant economic management challenges from the monetarists view, it is sometimes a preferable interventionary measure. Expansionary economic policy by the government increased expenditure also captures the issue of unemployment since it leads to increased employment. The ensuing effect is inflation which is a function of interest rate. Mankiw debates on the concept of saving as the opposite of investment and all are functions of interest rate (Mankiw 73). Fiscal policy generally leads to inflation and this significantly affects investment. The better part of the population would therefore rather save in expectation of future economic stability and increased value for their money so that they may invest. It is also worth to note that government expenditure affects interest rate and consumption in the same direction. Consumption is a function of disposable income hence by United Kingdom government increasing its expenditure, more di sposable income will raise the level of consumption with little saving. A critical analysis of the case of UK indicates that informed economic policies that have propelled it from the period of industrial revolution, through the two world wars to date are basically based on a blend of fiscal and monetary

The Role of Violence in Machiavelli's The Prince and Rousseau's Social Essay

The Role of Violence in Machiavelli's The Prince and Rousseau's Social Contract - Essay Example Both these works deal with the workings of a state, albeit of different kinds. Both these thinkers have distinct ideas and notions as to how a country or a kingdom should function. There is however, in both these works an unmistakable element of violence that shows itself to the reader who analyses the works carefully. While the presence of this violence may be attributed to the political conditions that existed while they were being written, it also owes a lot to the specific formations of statehood that are envisaged by these thinkers in their works of political theory. Both these works were written with the goal of the establishment of states that are peaceful; that is to say, both these works have intentions that are utopian. However, at some point of time during the establishment of this state or during the running of it, the role of violence does crop up as an issue that needs to be addressed and resolved. This paper shall attempt an exploration of these issues and a discussion of its implications. Rousseau’s theory of the Social Contract implies the establishment of a state where decisions are to be taken in consultation not with a few individual or a single individual but with the entire populace of a region that has agreed to become a collective. On the face of it, this appears to be a political setup where every member of the society gets a say in the implementation of the activities of the state. The mandate in a society that follows the Social Contract theory of Rousseau would have to be that of every member of the society. This is however, not practically possible as such a scenario would prevent any decision from being taken. This is because it is almost impossible that every member of a society would be in agreement upon every issue that concerns the public. Especially in matters of disputes between members of the same community, this theory would run into a great deal of problems. The only way in which the Social Contract theory can be im plemented in a practical way is through coercion of the minority views that are held in a society. Members of a society who hold such views have to be led into accepting the views of the majority. One needs to remember that even though some of the views expressed by Rousseau are fairly democratic in their nature, they are still not completely democratic in spirit. This leaves open the possibilities of coercion through violence that may be practiced by the state and members of communities that share the majority view upon the minorities of a society (as far as their views are concerned; the term is not used to denote race or ethnicity in this context). Apart from the physical violence that is inflicted one also needs to take into account the mental torture that is inflicted upon certain sections of the society that may be then marginalized. The utopian vision of the thinker is thus compromised and the state reverts to the corrupt model that it had followed earlier, that had definite unshakeable hierarchies that led to certain sections of the society remaining subjugated by those above them in the social order. Rousseau’s theories also create new hierarchies since there exists two tiers in the process of governance, one of which shall consist of a person or a group of persons who may then act according to the wishes of the collective of the populace of the state. Such a

Christianity subscribes to the notion of God being all-good and Essay

Christianity subscribes to the notion of God being all-good and all-powerful, whereas Hinduism envisions Brahman as encompassing both good and evil - Essay Example He is the creator of the universe, the one who takes care of all that surrounds us. He may be worshipped as a single entity as in Christianity, Judaism or Islam, or He may be worshipped in various different forms, as in Hinduism and Buddhism. Theologians and philosophers have long argued as to how ‘God’ can be defined. Every religion defines God according to its own perspectives, and also according to what the religious scriptures dictate. So, to understand the concept of God and what the word means to any religion, we will have to study in detail about that particular religion. A brief look at Christianity will tell us that here God is looked upon as the ‘Almighty- Omniscient’ being, who is all-good and all-powerful, while Hinduism envisions Brahman as encompassing both good and evil. This article will explore Christianity and Hinduism as two separate religions, and will try to decipher what God means to both these religions. The concept of religion: Before we try to understand the meaning of ‘God’ we will have to know what religion actually is. It may be defined as â€Å"  an organized approach to human spirituality which usually encompasses a set of narratives, symbols, beliefs and practices, often with a supernatural or transcendent quality, that give meaning to the practitioners experiences of life through reference to a higher power, God or gods, or ultimate truth ( Geertz, 89). So, religion is the way one may expedite, to reach God. The theistic forms of religion that include Christianity, Judaism and Islam, demand that the worshipper bow in complete genuflection in front of God. The religions of the ancient world, like that of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Chinese Taoism and Confucianism do not believe in complete fealty to God to get enlightenment. According to these religions, enlightenment is self sought, achieved when the soul or atman becomes one with

Honor Thy Children Essay Example for Free

Honor Thy Children Essay Overall the book Honor Thy Children by Molly Fumia was great. There were points in this book that just tugged at my heart. For example when the Nakatani’s found out that their middle son Greg was shot and killed. There were also points in this book that I felt if I had been in their position, I would be in a great deal of pain and misery and would not know how to work through all that had happened. I thought that Al and Jane were brave parents to endure the deaths of their three sons. This book by far was the most interesting non-fiction book I have read. This book would move the heart of any person that read it. The best thing about this book by far is how the parents have persevered throughout all these events that has happened to their family. From the running away of Glen, the murder of their son Greg, the finding out that their sons Glen and Guy were gay and their contraction of HIV, and also the death of them. They had to have heavy hearts after all of this happened, and yet they still go through all the HIV campaigning to show us how dangerous this disease is. A thing I did not like about this book is that there were very little happy things that happened to this family. I also thought that it was hard to keep track of the Nakatanis children because all of their names were so similar. If I were to grade this book, I would give it an A++ because this is a very good book and shows that humans have the will to push through any obstacle. Even though they have gone through all of that God did not give them a break and show them mercy. Despite their hard troubles, they pushed through all the sadness and despair and turned it around to help other people not make the same mistakes as them. This would definitely be a book I would recommend to people because there are very good life lessons in it. For instance, there is a limit to strict parenting, choosing your words correctly (Greg), and when faced with the worst of situations there is always something you can do about it. It also demonstrates that when a child is is pain and dying, parents always want to try and help to do what’s best for them, even at the expense of their own self. I think this book would be for ages 15 and up because there are things that would be hard to understand for someone of a young age. Also I feel that the person reading it should have some respect for gays, lesbians, etc. otherwise reading this book would be pointless. The book and movie were great to say the least. It taught me to accept who you are and that death is not the end. Memories can carry on and teach others how to deal with the loss of your loved ones. This book allowed me to take a glimpse into the Nakatani’s life and how they dealt with the loss and the grief that followed. Honor Thy Children taught me that no matter what life throws at you there are always ways to overcome these challenges. The thing I thought was most interesting was Guy will to go out to speak even while confined to a wheelchair. He had the courage to go out in the state he was in and speak. The person I identify most with in this story would be Greg. I identify with Greg the most because he was the middle son, a macho, speak his mind kind of person. The person I would identify least with would be Guy. I identify least with him because if I had gotten HIV and knew I was dying I would probably hate the world and seclude myself and not really try to do anything. This book did not really impact my life because even though it was a great book, it did not really apply that much to my life. I think that, because I have not had something similar happen to me, I have no gay or lesbian friends and I also do not know anyone with a serious disease. I think that the only things that would apply to me would be the Asian/Hawaiian culture, the dealing with the death of a loved one, and parenting. Their culture is exactly like mine because I am Japanese and I was born and raised in Hawaii. In our culture we are taught to respect your elders and listen to them. I also felt that the Nakatani’s dealt with the death of their sons better than I would have. When my brother and grandparents died I had a hard time and at some points I went through a period of depression that lasted a month in which I did not attend. It made me feel that I should have been a better grandchild and brother because I caused them a lot of trouble. The parenting part got to me because I was lucky that my parents, who were somewhat strict, were not as strict as the Nakatani’s. This helped me learn to appreciate my parents more.

Roles of a father for childhood development

Roles of a father for childhood development Improved Cognitive Abilities The old myths that a father is not important in a childs development as compared to a mothers are false. Recent research studies show that the fathers role is very crucial to a childs development. This persuasive essay will discuss the benefits of a single father and the positive benefits of their active involvement. Being an involved father ensures adequate cognitive ability, supports the childs educational achievements and awareness of general health and social behavior. Fathers are far more than just second adults in the home. Involved fathers-especially biological fathers- bring positive benefits to their children that no other person is as likely to bring. (Popenoe, 1996, p.163). Educational Achievements Recent reports by the National Principles Association Report (2009) state that 71% of all children from fatherless homes are high school dropouts. The impact of a positive biological father or father figure produces better verbal skills and nonverbal skills. These skills in turn help develop things like planning and building (UMPC, 2009). Father absence is a risk factor that makes it more difficult for children to succeed in school. Brisnaire, et al, (1990) further states that access two both parents seemed to be the protective factor for better academic adjustment. Men in general help children transition from a life of financial dependence to independence. Parents should stay involved with their childrens education from elementary school through high school and beyond to help them maximize their academic achievement.Childrens social, physical, and intellectual development benefit greatly from the involvement of fathers, observes Yale child psychiatrist Kyle Pruett (quoted by Judsen Culbreth, What Dads Are Made Of, Readers Digest, June 2005, p. 72A). Childhood Development of Social Behaviors and Well Being Without a father figure in the early stages of childhood can have a negative impact in their social behavior and general health. Children from fatherless homes account for the following statistics: 85% of all children that exhibit behavioral disorders (Center for Disease Control), 71% of pregnant teenagers. (US dept. of Health and Human Services), 63% of youth suicides (US dept of health and human services, Bureau of the Census), 90% of all homeless and runaway children. These statistics alone are very frightening and dishearten. Another important role of a father is the role modeling regarding the interaction with the opposite sex. Being a positive role model can include the development of a strong positive relationship with the childs other parent. They are less likely to abuse their wives or children (Gallagher and Waite, 2000). They are taught to observe how men treat woman. Sometimes they will choose a good companion of proper standards. Fathers also help with filtering out comp anions with bad standard. A fathers presence alone can provide a sense of justice and fairness which teaches the child the consequences of right and wrong as well build independence and confidence. A father tends to oversee their childs relation to the world. They basically focus their attention on what their children will or will not be prepared for or encounter in the world. A father can guide a child through everyday experiences guiding their development of problem solving techniques. Conclusion I can concur growing up as a child without a father and being a part of those statistics. Now that Im a father myself, I play an active role in my childrens lives. I have personally seen an improvement in my sons academic achievements as well his overall well being. He has stated to me that he is more confident and actively seeks me out to discuss problems at school which he did not do when he lived with his mother. Being an involved single father will make a change in that childs life; changing the statistics. Our presence, will give our children a chance to live a positive, healthy, well-balanced respectful life. REFERENCES: Brent, David A. (1995). Post-traumatic stress disorders in peers of adolescent suicide victims: Predisposing factors and phenomenology. Journal of the American academy of child and adolescent psychiatry, 34, 209. Bisnaire,L., Firestone, P., Rynard, D. (1990). Factors associated with academic achievement in children following parental separation. American Journal of Orthopsychiarty, 60 (1). Culbreth,J. (2005). What dads are made of? Readers Digest, p. 72A. Encyclopedia of childrens health: cognitive development (2009). Retrieved Nov.22, 2009 from http://www.healthofchildren.com/C/Cognitive-Development.html#ixzz0XcbcPna Gallagher, M. Waite, L. (2000). The case of marriage. New York: Doubleday. Popenoe, David (1996). Life without father. New York: The free press, 163. Stanton, G. (n.d.). How Fathers matter for a healthy child development. Retrieved Nov. 27, 2009 from the website: http://www.glenntstanton.com/3.html The importance of fathers in the healthy development of children (2006) Retrieved Nov. 19, 2009 from child welfare information gateway website: http://www.childwelfare.gov/pubs/usermanuals/fatherhood/chaptertwo.cfm UPMC (2009, May). The importance of a father. Retrieved Nov. 19, 2009, from http://www.upmc.com/HealthAtoZ/Pages/HealthLibrary.aspx?chunkiid=46224

President James Madison Essay -- Presidents American History Essays

President James Madison James Madison, (1751-1836), 4th President of the United States of America. Although he served eight years each as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, as secretary of state, and as president, Madison's principal contribution to the founding of the United States was as "Father of the Constitution." Madison's place among the Founding Fathers reveals the essential qualities of his public career. Jefferson had a superior vision of the potential for life under republican government, a greater capacity for leadership, and a special gift for the memorable phrase, but Madison had a more subtle and incisive political sense. Madison's ancestors, probably all from England, settled in Virginia along the Rappahannock and Mattaponi rivers in the mid-17th century. James Madison himself, however, lived all his life in Orange county on a 5,000-acre plantation that produced tobacco and grains and was worked by 100 slaves. Madison was born at the home of his maternal grandparents in Port Conway, Va., on March 16, 1751. Madison also read John Locke, Isaac Newton, Jonathan Swift, David Hume, Voltaire, and others who fashioned the Enlightenment world view, which became his own. Madison's understanding of public affairs developed during the decade of colonial resistance to British measures, 1765-1775. Madison's skill led to his election in 1780 to the Continental Congress, where he served for nearly four years. In 1783, after ratification of the peace treaty and demobilization of the army, Madison ranked as a leading promoter of a stronger national government. For three years in the Virginia legislature, Madison worked to enact Jefferson's bill for religious freedom and other reform measures. He also continued to strengthen the national government by securing Virginia's support of it. Madison offered the Virginia plan giving taxing and law-enforcement powers to the national government, and he worked with James Wilson and other nationalists to support a strengthened executive, a broadly based House of Representatives, long terms in the Senate, an independent federal judiciary, and other devices to enhance national power. Madison argued that an enlarged, strengthened national government, far from being the path to despotism its opponents feared, was in fact the surest way to protect freedom and expand the principle of self-govern... ...th sides tired of war, a peace treaty was signed restoring the pre-war boundaries and ensuring American national independence. The French minister, who had been close to Madison throughout the war, observed that three years of warfare have been a trial of the capacity of American institutions to sustain a state of war. With threats of disunion ended, the path opened for westward expansion, the nation confident of its security in the world and its institutions vindicated, Madison's last two years as president were triumphant. Though in urging a variety of measures, Madison cast aside republican dogma about weak government, he still opposed internal improvement schemes except under a constitutional amendment. Happily retired to his Virginia farm, Madison practiced scientific agriculture, helped Jefferson found the University of Virginia, advised Monroe on foreign policy, arranged his papers for publication, and maintained a wide correspondence. Nationally, Madison wrote in support of a mildly protective tariff, the National Bank, and, most importantly, the power of the union against nullification. Madison's health slowly declined, forcing him more and more to be a silent observer. President James Madison Essay -- Presidents American History Essays President James Madison James Madison, (1751-1836), 4th President of the United States of America. Although he served eight years each as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, as secretary of state, and as president, Madison's principal contribution to the founding of the United States was as "Father of the Constitution." Madison's place among the Founding Fathers reveals the essential qualities of his public career. Jefferson had a superior vision of the potential for life under republican government, a greater capacity for leadership, and a special gift for the memorable phrase, but Madison had a more subtle and incisive political sense. Madison's ancestors, probably all from England, settled in Virginia along the Rappahannock and Mattaponi rivers in the mid-17th century. James Madison himself, however, lived all his life in Orange county on a 5,000-acre plantation that produced tobacco and grains and was worked by 100 slaves. Madison was born at the home of his maternal grandparents in Port Conway, Va., on March 16, 1751. Madison also read John Locke, Isaac Newton, Jonathan Swift, David Hume, Voltaire, and others who fashioned the Enlightenment world view, which became his own. Madison's understanding of public affairs developed during the decade of colonial resistance to British measures, 1765-1775. Madison's skill led to his election in 1780 to the Continental Congress, where he served for nearly four years. In 1783, after ratification of the peace treaty and demobilization of the army, Madison ranked as a leading promoter of a stronger national government. For three years in the Virginia legislature, Madison worked to enact Jefferson's bill for religious freedom and other reform measures. He also continued to strengthen the national government by securing Virginia's support of it. Madison offered the Virginia plan giving taxing and law-enforcement powers to the national government, and he worked with James Wilson and other nationalists to support a strengthened executive, a broadly based House of Representatives, long terms in the Senate, an independent federal judiciary, and other devices to enhance national power. Madison argued that an enlarged, strengthened national government, far from being the path to despotism its opponents feared, was in fact the surest way to protect freedom and expand the principle of self-govern... ...th sides tired of war, a peace treaty was signed restoring the pre-war boundaries and ensuring American national independence. The French minister, who had been close to Madison throughout the war, observed that three years of warfare have been a trial of the capacity of American institutions to sustain a state of war. With threats of disunion ended, the path opened for westward expansion, the nation confident of its security in the world and its institutions vindicated, Madison's last two years as president were triumphant. Though in urging a variety of measures, Madison cast aside republican dogma about weak government, he still opposed internal improvement schemes except under a constitutional amendment. Happily retired to his Virginia farm, Madison practiced scientific agriculture, helped Jefferson found the University of Virginia, advised Monroe on foreign policy, arranged his papers for publication, and maintained a wide correspondence. Nationally, Madison wrote in support of a mildly protective tariff, the National Bank, and, most importantly, the power of the union against nullification. Madison's health slowly declined, forcing him more and more to be a silent observer.

Vaccine Essay -- Medicine, Autism

This research paper consists of varying information coming from four published articles found on the internet related to whether the MMR vaccine causes Autism in children or not. According to the article MMR Vaccine (2010) in Black's Medical Dictionary, 42nd Edition there have been several studies and experiments performed and until this day, there is no direct link between the MMR Vaccine and Autism. Other researchers such as Robert M. Youngson (2004, 2005), who wrote in the Collins Dictionary of Medicine that: â€Å"No association has been demonstrated between autism and the use of the MMR vaccine.† (Youngson, 2004) An editorial by Stephen I. Pelton, published on March 15, 2010, in the Family Practice News Magazine stated he was happy that THE LANCET took back the paper written by Dr. Andrew J. Wakefield in 1998, which explained a relationship between the MMR vaccine and autism. According to Michelle Meadows writer of an IOM report titled â€Å"No Link Between Vaccines and Autism† the evidence did not show an association between the MMR vaccine and autism. (Meadows, 2004) Word Bank: MMR: Measles Mump Rubella Dr: Doctor IOM: Institute of Medicine Controversy between MMR Vaccination and It’s Possibility of Causing Autism in Children. Many authors have conducted research and experiments to prove the point that there is no direct link between the MMR vaccine and Autism. Newspapers, magazines, books, encyclopedias, and dictionaries all have articles written by authors who suggest that there are links and relationships between the MMR vaccine and Autism and then there are many who say there is no link. In order for one to fully understand the meaning of the vaccine, the uses, ... ... such as Robert M. Youngson (2004, 2005) who wrote in the Collins Dictionary of Medicine that: â€Å"No association has been demonstrated between autism and the use of the MMR vaccine.† (Youngson, 2004) An editorial by Stephen I. Pelton, published on March 15, 2010, in the Family Practice News Magazine stated he was happy that ‘THE LANCET’ took back the paper written by Dr. Andrew J. Wakefield in 1998, which explained a relationship between the MMR vaccine and autism. According to Michelle Meadows writer of an IOM report titled â€Å"No Link Between Vaccines and Autism† the evidence did not show an association between the MMR vaccine and autism. (Meadows, 2004) To sum it all up, PARENTS do not feel misinformed. The Measles, Mumps, and Rubella vaccination combination does not cause autism nor does the thimerosal additive for preservation cause autism.

Social Environment And Its Effect On Ones Life Essay -- essays researc

Social Environment and Its Effect On One's Life Social environment is influenced by one's power and wealth. This, in turn, determines success or failure in peoples' lives. If one were born with a "silver spoon" in his mouth, he would easily be able to attend a fancy school no matter how intelligent he is or have any luxury he wants just because of power and wealth. On the flip side, if one were born to a poor family in a bad neighborhood infested with violence and drugs, he would have a much smaller chance of succeeding in life, more especially, going to an upper-class school. It is hard for many poor to go to college because of such high tuition costs. Scholarships are available; but, even though one shows financial need, one still has to have a high grade point average and test scores. Even if one has a good mind, trying to study in a gang-ridden neighborhood with constant gunfire isn't easy. With both parents working two jobs, there isn't any parental guidance. Whereas, the affluent, even if busy or working, have the means to insure that their children are supervised and well taken care of. The rich also have the luxury of affording special tutors to help their children while other children are on their own. For example, there are three students, one from a clean, upper-class community, another from a small, middle-class suburb and the other from a graffiti-ridden slum. A... Social Environment And Its Effect On Ones Life Essay -- essays researc Social Environment and Its Effect On One's Life Social environment is influenced by one's power and wealth. This, in turn, determines success or failure in peoples' lives. If one were born with a "silver spoon" in his mouth, he would easily be able to attend a fancy school no matter how intelligent he is or have any luxury he wants just because of power and wealth. On the flip side, if one were born to a poor family in a bad neighborhood infested with violence and drugs, he would have a much smaller chance of succeeding in life, more especially, going to an upper-class school. It is hard for many poor to go to college because of such high tuition costs. Scholarships are available; but, even though one shows financial need, one still has to have a high grade point average and test scores. Even if one has a good mind, trying to study in a gang-ridden neighborhood with constant gunfire isn't easy. With both parents working two jobs, there isn't any parental guidance. Whereas, the affluent, even if busy or working, have the means to insure that their children are supervised and well taken care of. The rich also have the luxury of affording special tutors to help their children while other children are on their own. For example, there are three students, one from a clean, upper-class community, another from a small, middle-class suburb and the other from a graffiti-ridden slum. A...

Case Study of Lyons Document Storage Corporation

Case study of Lyons Document Storage Corporation: Bond Accounting Introduction The Lyons Company is currently a company providing storage of documents for other corporate customers. Lyons had operated conservatively without any long-term debt until it issued bonds in 1999. The bounds issued were $10 million in 20-year bonds, offering a coupon rate of 8% with interest paid semiannually, and sold to yield the 9% market rate of interest at the time. In the following essay, we take it as Alternative 1. These bonds were issued on July 2, 1999 and would be due July 2, 2019. But now, the investment bankers told the company’s owner, Mr.Lyons, that $10 million in new 6% bonds with semiannual interest payments could be issued to provide the company with exactly $10 million in principal at the end of 10 years. The new interest payments would be $200,000 less each year than old bonds, which still had 12 years before they would be paid off. We take issuing these new bonds as Alternative 2. If it is selected, 11542K/1K=11542 new bonds will Lyons have to issue to refund the old bonds. There is also a third alternative: Issuing $11. 54 million of 10-year 6% bonds to completely pay-off the existing bonds with no need for additional cash from the company.Now, we are facing the problem that if Lyons should issue one of the new bonds with lower interest rate or keep the existing bonds. One Concept about Bond First I want to talk about the terms of â€Å"premium† and â€Å"discount†. Usually there will be difference between the face value of the bond and the actual amount of money that the borrower receives when the bond is originally issued. This difference is called premium or discount. If the amount received is larger than the face value, it is called premium. If it is smaller than the face value, it is called discount. With this definition, we come to compute exactly how much the company eceived from its 8% bonds amount received by the borrower. The value, VN, is given by the following equation. VN=rZ(P/A,i%,N)+C(P/F,i%,N) Where: VN: bond value or balance sheet liability with N remaining periods r: bond interest rate Z: bond face value i: prevailing yield at time of issued C: redemption value at maturity For the old bonds, r=8% with semiannual payments, i=9%, Z=C=$10 million, N=40(one period is half a year). VN=0. 04*10(P/A, 4. 5%, 40)+10(P/F, 4. 5%, 40)= 9. 08 million. Thus, the company actually received $9. 08 million from the old bond, which is less than the face value $10 million. This is a discount bond.We can also using this equation to recalculate the amount shown in the balance sheet at December 31, 2006: VN=0. 04*10(P/A, 4. 5%, 25)+10(P/F, 4. 5%, 25)= 9. 26 million (number of remaining half-year period=25) At December 31, 2007: VN=0. 04*10(P/A, 4. 5%, 23)+10(P/F, 4. 5%, 23)= 9. 29 million The current market value of the bonds outstanding at the current interest rate of 6% equals to the actual amount of money the borrower will receive at that time. We can also use the above equation to do the calculation. This time r=6% with semiannual payments, i=6%, Z=C=$10 million, remaining number of period=21.VN=0. 03*10(P/A, 3%, 21)+10(P/F, 3%, 21)=$11. 54million Comparison between three Alternatives We can compare these three alternatives based on two aspects: cash flows and book earnings. First, let’s compare the cash flow. Here we use the differential PW method and set alternative 1 as the base. For Alternative 2, there is $1. 54 million cash outflow in Jan. 2009, since $11. 54 million is paid to retire the old bonds. In the following years, alternative 2 will pay $100K less than alternative 1 semiannually, till July. 2019. But for alternative 3, as the new bonds’ face value is $11. 4 million, we do not have to pay the $1. 54 million in Jan. 2009. And the differential annual cash flow is $53. 8K, which is $11. 54 million times 3% interest rate. Besides, we need to pay $1. 54 million more when it co mes to maturity. This is because the redemption value equals to the face value, $11. 54million. The differential cash flow is listed in Exhibit 1. With the cash flow of every period, we can calculate the differential cumulative PW. The differential cumulative PW for alternative 2: PW2=-1542K+100K(P/A,3%,21)=-$0. 5K. The differential PW for alternative 3: PW3=53. 8K(P/A,3%,21)-1542K(P/F,3%,21)=$0. K. The negative differential PW for alternative 2 means the company will eventually pay more money compared to alternative 1. The positive differential PW for alternative 3 means it will eventually receive more money. From the cash flow perspective, it seems the company may issue the $11. 54 million of 10-year 6% bonds. Another aspect is book earnings. Earnings will be affected by: (i) the $2. 2 million loss on refunding in 2009, (ii) differential interest payments in every period, and (iii) differential â€Å"amortized discount† expense in every period. The $2. 2 million is from $11 . 4 million spent to retire bonds minus the $9. 3 million listed on the balance sheet at that time. The differential interest payments are the same as those in the cash flow perspective. The amortized discount of alternative 2 and 3 is zero for each period. This is because the interest expense is $10 million*3%=$300K semiannually. The actual payment is also $300K semiannually. There is no difference between these two values. Therefore, the old amortized discount equals to the differential amortized discount. Old Amortized Discount=Interest Expense-Payment. (See Exhibit 2) For alternative 1, first we use $9079. K, which is calculated in â€Å"One Concept about Bond†, as the liability at the beginning of the first period. The interest expense of every period equals to the liability at the beginning of that period times the interest rate. Liability at the end of the period before payment (column D) equals to column B plus column C. Finally, after deducting $400k from column D, w e get the liability at the end of the period, which is $9088. 5K. Use this value as the liability at the beginning of period 2 and repeat the calculation above, we can finish the left side part Exhibit 2. This table shows how the liability increases with each period.At the end of the 20 years it is exactly equal to $10 million face value. To compare the differential book earnings for alternative 2 and 3, we just add an extra part to the left side of the original table. There will be a $2. 2 million loss in the first period, and differential interest payments and amortized discount in the following periods. We add up these 3 differential values and get the New Earnings Effects. (See Exhibit 2 and 3) Conclusion From the book earning perspective, we can see that if the company issue any kind of new bond, there will be increases in future years’ earnings and a loss in current year’s earnings.The loss will make Mr. Lyons unhappy. As a matter of fact, this perspective just g ives us an implication of the company’s financial status. It is more reasonable to use cash flow to compare these 3 alternatives, since it takes the time value into consideration. From the cash flow perspective, since PW3> 0 but PW2< 0, which means Alternative 3 finally makes us pay less money than Alternative 1 but Alternative 2 finally makes us pay more money than Alternative 1. Thus we should choose Alternative 3.

Cat Dissection Structures Essay

Healthy kidneys make hormones such as renin and angiotensin. These hormones regulate how much sodium (salt) and fluid the body keeps, and how well the blood vessels can expand and contract. This, in turn, helps control blood pressure. They do this by regulating: †¢ The amount of water in the body. If there is too much water in the body (fluid overload) blood pressure will go up. If there is too little water in the body (dehydration) the blood pressure will drop. †¢ The width of the arteries. The arteries constantly change in width as blood flows through them. The narrower the arteries, the higher the blood pressure. Renin helps control narrowing of the arteries. Failing kidneys often make too much renin. This raises blood pressure. If your blood pressure is high, your heart is working harder than normal to pump blood through your body. High blood pressure (also called hypertension) caused by a breakdown in these functions is common in people with kidney failure. It is also a complication, a secondary condition caused by kidney failure. †¢ RBC production? o The urinary system controls red blood cell production by secreting the hormone erythropoietin. . What structures enter or exit at the hilum of the kidney? †¢ Ureters, renal blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves enter and exit at the hilum Know the anatomy of the kidney so that you could recognize the following parts from a description or on a diagram: capsule, hilum, renal artery, renal vein, ureter, cortex, medulla, papillae, renal columns, minor and major calyces, renal pelvis. The Kidney is bean-shaped and located in the lumbar region of the body. The kidney is described as being Retroperitoneal-that is, it is located between the dorsal body wall nd the parietal peritoneum. 1. An average human kidney weighs about 5 ounces. 2. Sitting on top of each kidney is a single adrenal gland that essentially has no influence on the kidney. B. The Renal Hilum-vertical cleft on the medial surface of the kidney, that leads into an internal space within the kidney known as the Renal Sinus. 1. The ureter, the renal blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves all join each other at the hilum and occupy the renal sinus. C. There are Three Layers of Support Tissue Surrounding each kidney. The layers are: 1. The Fibrous Capsule-a capsule-like layer that prevents infections in surrounding regions from spreading to the kidney. 2. The Perirenal Fat Capsule-a thick layer of adipose tissue that attaches the kidney to the posterior body wall and cushions it against blows. 3. The Renal Fascia-an outer layer of fibrous connective tissue that anchors the kidney and adrenal glands to surrounding tissues.   Three Distinct Internal Segments in the Human Kidney: 1. The Renal Cortex-light colored, superficial region of the kidney. This area has a granular appearance. . The Renal Medulla-a dark red or brown colored region in the kidney. The medulla contains cone-shaped areas known as the Medullary or Renal Pyramids. a. The base of each pyramid faces towards the cortex and the apex (Papilla) points internally. b. The pyramids contain bundles of microscopic urine-collecting tubules and capillaries. Structures known as the Renal Columns separate the pyramids from each other. c. Each pyramid and its surr ounding tissue makes up one of eight lobes of a kidney. 3. The Renal Pelvis-a funnel-shaped tube that is continuous with the ureter leaving he hilum. a. Branching extensions of the Pelvis form two or three Major Calyces, each of which subdivides to form several Minor Calyces. b. The Minor Calyces are cup-shaped areas that enclose the papillae of the pyramids. 1) The calyces collect urine, which drains from the papillae, and empty into the renal pelvis. The urine then flows through the renal pelvis and into the ureter which moves it to the bladder where it is stored. 2) Smooth muscle lines the walls of the calyces, the pelvis and the ureter. Urine is pushed through these areas via peristalsis. In what part of the kidney are most of the nephrons located? Renal Cortex 4. Blood supply of the kidney: †¢ Branch of aorta that enters kidney is the renal artery, which divides several times as it moves toward the cortex. †¢ At the base of the renal pyramids, the arcuate arteries branch into interlobular arteries that branch into afferent arterioles that deliver blood to the glomerulus. †¢ The efferent arterioles exit the glomerulus and give rise to the peritubular and vasa recta capillaries surrounding the renal tubule. Secretion and reabsorption occurs between the tubule and bloodstream in these capillaries.

Adolf Hitler: a Leadership Analysis

Adolf Hitler BSM Portfolio Assignment This paper demonstrates Hodges University’s learning outcome of leadership. Kevin J. Van Dyk – Third Wheel Hodges University MNA4360 Leadership for Managers Professor Ron Harbour Due: November 7, 2012 Graded by BSM Instructor: __________________________ Grade Awarded: __________________________________ Introduction For the past seventy years, Adolf Hitler has been known as one of the most evil men in history. The Fueherer, as he was known, exhumed hatred and violence in his pursuit of power.A vile man, driven by violence and a lust for power, eventually drove himself mad with his own idealistic vision of what a perfect world would be, and how he would achieve it. While his motives may have been questionable, his ability to lead and influence people is not. This case study will analyze the leadership tactics utilized by Adolf Hitler, as well as the personal issues he had with himself, society and the world he lived in. Also, Hitlerâ €™s unmatched desire for ultimate power, which ultimately led to his demise, will be examined as well. Ambitious scarcely describes the intensity of the lust for power and the craving to dominate which consumed him† (Green, 2001, pg. 8). Leadership, though defined through text books as, â€Å"The ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals† (Judge. 2013, 368), is not only limited to the ability to influence people. Leadership also includes the mental and physical maturity and knowledge to be able to influence people ethically and morally.The greatest problem with Hitler’s leadership was that he allowed his ego driven desire for power to become greater than his vision for his country. Without the ethical and moral standards, leaders become dictators, and most will become separated from their wits and end up with less than optimal results. Situation Analysis In Management: The New Competitive Landscape, Bateman defines situat ion analysis as, â€Å"a process planners use within, time and resource constraints, to gather, interpret and summarize all information relevant to the planning issue under consideration† (pg. 108).A situation analysis is a tool used to assess a particular situation and dissect the internal and external parts, focusing on the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the organization in order to accomplish a goal. Internal Environment The internal environment, or the factors that Hitler can control, are in his eyes limitless. Hitler truly believed he was in control of everything. His goals were driven by hatred and a hunger for power. â€Å"Hitler was a master of nationalist appeal† (Green, 2001, pg. 13), and â€Å"speech was the essential medium of his power† (Green, 2001, pg. ). The way he viewed the world he lived in, Hitler was able to control everything and everyone around him through his ability to speak and influence. Anything he could not contr ol, he sought to destroy, which included but was not limited to the Jews, Marxists, Czechs, Poles, French, any intellectual and the educated middle class. From an outside perspective, Hitler was a selfish, hateful, spiteful, violent man with demented goals towards world domination, and essentially was a cancer to the world. External EnvironmentThe external environment, which includes the factors uncontrollable by Hitler, to him is non-existent. Hitler controlled his external environment through brute force and violence along with fear. Countries like France and Britain allowed him to act this way for a great deal of time, as well as did some of the smaller areas conquered by the Nazi forces. It’s wasn’t until Hitler’s ego driven motives were finally seen by the rest of the world did anyone begin to rise up against him. Eventually, the other worldly enemies of Germany were able to stand up against him.Hitler’s own arrogance also became an external factor, as towards the end, he was unable to control his emotions or separate his delusion from reality. Political turmoil combined with good timing allowed Hitler to rise to power legally and begin to rally the people of Germany behind his vulgar plans. SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis is an evaluation a company’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (Armstrong, 2010, p. 77). A SWOT analysis is a useful tool in comparing a business, or in this case a character’s, traits to the situation and to other characters.A SWOT analysis for Adolf Hitler * Strengths * Passionate Speaker * Charismatic * Calculated * Gifted Actor and Politician * Weaknesses * Angry and full of rage * Defensive * Ego driven and selfish * He became convinced of his own infallibility (EGO) * Opportunities * Rose to power during a time of political unrest and indecisiveness in Germany * Master of surprise tactics: gauged the psychological effects * Threats * Anyone who interfered with his mission was an enemy of the people. * Intellectual and educated people.Hitler was a very passionate speaker that was incredibly adept to connecting to his audience in order to influence or persuade. The people he was speaking to would feel his passion. His charisma for speaking combined with the weak structure of Germany at the time made him influential beyond any other. He had the combined skills of an actor and a politician, â€Å"he could talk well and he had the actor’s gift of mimicry to amuse his companions. (Green, 2001, pg. 12), and everything he said and did had a calculated thought behind it.He was never caught off guard or accidently let anything slip, â€Å"he never let slip and unconsidered word. He never said what he did not intend to say and he never blurted out a secret. Everything was the result of cold calculation† (Green, 2001, pg. 7). Hitler’s own ego was his biggest weakness. The arrogance to believe that his was a â€Å"man with a mission, marked ou t by Providence, and therefore exempt from the ordinary cannons of human conduct† (pg. 9). Hitler also had no respect for any type of God or higher being, deeming himself as a supreme deity in his own eyes.Anyone that believes they are on a divine mission to destroy and conquer clearly needs a path back to reality. His anger and rage would often play through during his speeches, though it was stated that he would often catch himself, calm himself, flatten his hair and continue on as if nothing had happened, and he also had a tendency to be on the defensive, making excuses and pointing the finger at anyone but himself or his country for the shortcomings of the time. Hitler took advantage of a great opportunity in early 1930’s Germany. There was a time of political unrest and uncertain leadership.The leaders of the respective political parties were weak, and Hitler saw the chance to put his plan into action to build the perfect nation. Incredibly patient and a master of t he surprise tactic, he waited until the timing was perfect to seize any opportunity. The greatest threats Hitler faced would be anyone that he was unable to control. The intellectual and the well-educated didn’t buy in to his rhetoric. Hitler had one way, his way. If you weren’t with him, you were against him. Anyone that interfered with his mission was an enemy of the people. Problem IdentificationBeing a leader is not just about influencing people to achieve a goal; leadership has to do with the motives behind the organization and its goals as well. When a leader allows their own ego to dictate the direction of the organizational goals instead of what’s best for the organization, a problem will occur. Such is the case of Adolf Hitler. His ego driven desire for power outweighed the organizational goals for the people of Germany and the rest of the world. An idealistic perfect nation was a nice thought, but eventually the overly eccentric steps taken forced Hitl er across the line from leader to dictator.Best Choice of Action I truly believe that Adolf Hitler could have been the world’s emperor, had he not let his ego get in the way. His biggest threats at the time were Britain and France, who he had kept on their heels for the majority of his time in power. Instead of being aggressive and driving forward hastily, Hitler allowed his ego to define his decision making. A lack of advisors in addition to an incredible ego cost him his empire. At one point Hitler said he would rather lose Germany altogether than surrender. The best choice of action for Hitler would have been to not be so closed off and untrusting.To appoint a cabinet of trusted officials that could help him objectively make a decision, as objectively as a genocidal maniac could possibly be, of course. With a little bit of an outside viewpoint, Hitler may have been able to see the flaws in his â€Å"Mission from Providence† and instead been able to be more efficient and effective in his plans for world domination. Characters Hitler had several types of power during his reign. Though seized through an opportunistic election, Hitler was granted Legitimate Power over Germany though their election process.The leader with legitimate power â€Å"has the right, or the authority, to tell other what to do. (Bateman, 2004, pg. 369). He also had Coercive Power, or the control over punishments. (Bateman). Hitler certainly used an Autocratic Leadership Model, which â€Å"makes decisions, then announces them to the group† (Bateman, 2004, pg. 374), He was also a very charismatic leader; charismatic leaders are â€Å"dominant and exceptionally self-confident and have a strong conviction in the moral righteousness of their beliefs† (Bateman, 2004, pg. 83). In addition to all this, Hitler was also a transformational leader, â€Å"Transformational leaders get people to transcend their personal interests for the sake of the larger community† (pg. 383). These qualities combined made Adolf Hitler the leader that he was, or at least the leader he started out to be. Once his ego and his own personal vendetta with the world clouded his vision for the organization, his empire began to crumble and his ability as a leader ceased. Student Use of Leadership OutcomeThis past week, Hodges University at PHCC was invited down to the main campus in Fort Myers in order to receive an award for outstanding leadership and activity. Although I am not currently the leader of this group, I seized this opportunity to go to the main campus and meet with the influential people within the university structure. As a new club at a satellite campus, the Ambassador Club was having trouble being noticed and acknowledged by the university. At this ceremony, I made sure to meet with the important department heads, deans and advisors in order to establish a channel of communication for the future.Our biggest problem as an organization right now, is tha t we are virtually unseen, by not only our community, but our university and campus as well. When I tell people I go to Hodges University, most people say, â€Å"Where’s that? † and â€Å"Huh? †. Even the students on PHCC’s campuses hardly know what Hodges University is. Our struggle with the university has been gaining the backing we need in order to secure a foothold within the community. A presence on campus and in the social eye would not only increase the student’s experience, but could possibly increase enrollment and student involvement.Our goal for the coming year is to show the university that we are getting noticed in the community and on our campus. We want to be noticed not only by the students, but by the administration as well in order to generate a better experience for students, alumni, faculty and prospective students alike. Learning to utilize the different types of power in leadership positions and when to use them allowed me to make the impression I needed to make in the presence of other leaders in positions of power. Conclusion Leadership is about more than just getting a flock of sheep to follow.Leadership is about having the moral and ethical maturity to influence people towards the right goals for the right reasons. Hitler lost sight of the moral and ethical end. He decided that his own diving ego was more important than the organization he was leading, which just so happened to be his nation of people. Hitler set out wanting to build a stronger, more dominate nation, a perfect nation above the rest. At first, he was charismatic and extremely effective. Once the leader loses the ability to influence, his ability to lead is gone.The people began to see how eccentric and evil and violent Hitler really was, and in effect, how unfit of a leader he truly was. Had Hitler had the moral ground ethical ability to continue to influence his people to follow him, the world may have ended up in a very different wa y. Reference Armstrong, G & Kotler, P. (2010). Principles of Marketing (14th Ed. ) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Bateman, T. S. (2004). Management: The New Competitive Landscape (6th Ed. ) New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Green, W. , & McCarthy, G. (2001). Adolf Hitler. Oneonta, NY: The Hartwick Humanities in Management Institute.Judge, T, & Robbins, S. (2013). Organizational Behavior. Certification Statement I hereby certify that this paper constitutes my own original work and is properly quoted and cited where I have used the writings of another. Further, this paper has not been submitted for credit in any other Hodges University class or other college course or for publication elsewhere. Kevin J. Van Dyk You have 1 Essay Outgoing Title| Subject| E-Structor| Submission Time| | Hitler Case Analysis: Leadership| | Essay Center – 1 hrreview| | 11/06/2012 07:02:44 PM| You have 0 Question Outgoing Title| Subject| E-Structor| Submission Time|

Performance Criteria for Cavity Wall and Pitched Roof

Performance standards for pit wall and pitched roof Report Contentss Introduction Cavity Wall Block Insulation Brick Wall Neckties Plasterboard Mortar Elementss for a pit wall U-Values Decision Pitched Roof Types of Roof Coverings: There are two basic traditional types of pitched roof: The benefits of Trussed Rafters: Decision MentionsIntroductionThis assignment aims to explicate the troubles of public presentation standards for an external pit wall and a pitched roof of a domestic home. This assignment focal point on the information provided from the sanctioned document â€Å"Conservation of fuel and power in new dwellings† L1A The chief types of walls:Cavity Wall / Cavity walls lose less heat than solid walls, and are much easier to insulate.Solid Wall / constructed from one tegument of masonry built from brick/blockwork in this type of walls hard to accomplish high criterions of thermic insularity.Cavity WallThe pit wall is the external wall of a house constructed of two parallel walls ( two teguments ) , with a infinite of at least 50mm between them and filled with insularity by many different methods. The outer tegument, built from brick or blockwork. The interior tegument is normally of blockwork and joins the two walls together by metal tie resistant’s. The weathering is put in at suited topographic points to forestall the consequence of a prostration. The chief map of this external pit wall is to cut down heat loss by make fulling the pit with stuff that would halt heat transportation ; and as such well cut downing warming costs and condensation. Inside the house pit wall insularity regulates the heat indoors, so it will gives warming in winter and chilling in summer, protecting against moistness and mould growing and minimising sound transportation. A good pit wall entirely does non forestall the job of moistness ; to to the full proof a house a good thermal dielectric is besides recommended. This does nil for the outside of the belongings so there are some suggestions below to assist with the enterprise:BlockThe blockwork is made from organic minerals obtained from clay and natural stuffs, which gives the support and stableness for the edifice. Blocks are built foremost when get downing to construct a pit wall. The benefit of utilizing blocks is that it provides a higher degree of thermic mass. When it is good insulated it gives as efficient energy as lumber. There are many different types of blocks ; barricade type Thermalite Hi-Strength 7 Blocks with a measuring of 100mm has the U-Value of precisely 0.28 W/m2K for the external wall and has been chosen for those grounds.InsulationThe determination was made to utilize mineral wool insularity to carry through a 75mm pit wall dimension. This adds first-class public presentation i n relation to heat loss. Mineral wool has high quality glass and comparatively light weight. This will intend easiness of handling, cutting and installing. Mineral wool insularity is cost efficient which is 50 % lower than standard froth insularity. The efficient insularity will be measured for zero heat loss and it can be done by curtailing the air motion through the spread between the intern and outer walls. For a zero heat loss accomplishment the pit will necessitate to be to the full filled. An added benefit to this is the sound decrease belongingss of the merchandise. The limitation of air through the pit will besides impact on the sound ways seeking to pervade the walls. Brick The infinite between the bricks should be filled with howitzer to forestall any escape or structural troubles. The surplus should so be removed via cleansing to forestall added wet. As I have mentioned above, the brickwork is made from organic minerals gettable from clay and natural stuffs. This has the versatility of shadiness, coloring material and texture. Brick is an astonishing stuff to construct with ; it provides a delighting aesthetic to the house with a customizable coloring material. The natural stuffs in brick are chemically inserted so it does non lend to any air pollution in your place. Brick is besides fire opposition while being a stuff that is reclaimable and insulating. This allows for money to be saved by take downing heat addition and heat loss. For the usage of the bricks a measuring of 103mm brick will be considered for a pit wall of 75mm dimension. A to the full filled pit wall will cut down the heat loss in the edifice. The type of brick work selected will be stretcher bond because of the easiness of cutting that this stuff provides.Wall NecktiesNeckties when right fitted should incline downward from inner to outer wall. This helps to fore stall rain and other conditions related affair to traverse the pit. This will add another facet of wet protection for the interior of the house. For the 75mm pit wall ; 200mm wall ties were selected to be topographic points between the blocks and the bricks. The horizontal articulations will besides be attached to palisade ties, to give the wall more stableness. This will forestall the likeliness of impetus between the walls. The stuff will besides be made from unstained steel so as to forestall corrosion of the metal.PlasterboardLightweight Plaster ( Inner Finish )MortarThe determination was made to include a thin bed of howitzer to the brick/block work. This will:The build clip will be reduced because of the easiness they are constructed. Construction clip can be less than 60 proceedingss until the stuff is considered dry and ready for component installing.The stuff increases the thermic public presentation of the edifice and in so making will cut down the U-Values.The thin Mortar will better building qualityElementss for a pit wallThe undermentioned stuffs were chosen for the creative activity of a suited pit wall: 103mm brick Stretcher bond 75mm pit wall fully-filled with insularity 100mm block Thermalite Hi-Strength 7 200mm wall ties Thin Mortar bed Lightweight Plaster for inner coatingU-ValuesThe jutting heat loss will be calculated depending on the U-Values. The lower the value the better the stuff as is shown in L1A certification. This papers provides that if the U-Value is less than 0.2 W/m2K so grounds is needed to corroborate that the edifice design is feasible.DecisionExternal walls are considered to be thermic component. That being considered the chief intent of insularity is to conserve fuel and power in new home. It prevents the incursion of conditions to the internal surface of the wall. The added benefit of cut downing the proprietors carbon footmark by bettering the energy-efficiency of the place means that this is of great importance. This creates the advantage of dramatically cut downing the sum of heat needed for the life infinite. This means that unless heat is already generated by a heat pump the likeliness is that the place will necessitate gas, oil, coal or gas to bring forth heat. These all have their impact on the environment so decrease of usage is needed. The external wall is non merely for the inter benefit as a good external wall can add great beauty to the visual aspect of the edifice. Pitched RoofPitched roof is a type of the ceilings which consists of two surfaces slotted together from the terminal top of the walls to meet together in the top such as a corner ( jointly called roof ) required by the nature of the design and the type of building. The usage of such roofs is popular in countries of high rates of rain or snow and the chief intent of a pitched roof is to protect the house from the air current ( upwind opposition ) , rain and redirect H2O and snow every bit much as possible to conserve heat inside the house.Types of Roof Coverings:Asphalt Shingles, the asphalt herpes zosters still standard because they are economical, used on most roofs in many colorss, and may last for long clip.Metal, such as Steel, aluminum and Cu characterized solidness and low care.Wood Herpes zosters and Shakes, as friend of environment and is a popular pick for placesConcrete or Plain Tiles, tile is easier to utilize than concrete and roofing tiles are fire-retardant and easy to repair itSlate, it is really expensive but beautiful and resists fire and mold.There are two basic traditional types of pitched roof:Purlin pitched roof ( cut roof ) / Cut roof lumbers are made on site and edifice up the roof utilizing balks, ridge boards, joists and purlins where they are fixed in the locationRafter pitched roof ( truss roof ) / they are designed in the mill so delivered to put ready and complete and merely erected. Furthermore each type could be warm deck or cold deck.Trussed Rafters this type of roof is largely used for lodging and is presently designed by specializers in the industrial companies by utilizing computing machine design. After the completion of the design, the roof is moved to the site and easy installed in the specified topographic point. Trussed Rafters are fast and easy to sit and moreover can be designed so adding more suites in the roof is possible, called Attic trusses. So the recommendation would be to utilize Attic Truss ( room in the roof ) type of tied balks because it is speedy and easy to sit on site, roll uping in the mill as a fit quality for Attic trusses, specially designed to transport all extra weight. Roof truss exposures The benefits of Trussed Rafters:Suitable for many types of the roof constructionsFast building and on clip bringing which is cheaper than other due to the ready constituentsEasier repairing so non as much workSimple industry process’ cut down the emanations and pollutionThermal dielectric is better than others and more flexible than many other methods of roof buildingDecisionThe Pitched Roof is a really of import subdivision of the house so it must be built good, strong, stable and lasting. This means that the house will be protected from the outer clime factors such as the Sun, the air, the rain and snow. This besides will intend that the the spread of fire from house to house is reduced as the insularity will maintain the heat inside the house. This will back up warmth every bit much as possible because it is the chief country from the house where heat loss may go on. Pitched Roofs are able to back up tonss ( weights ) , the incline of the roof has a chief consequence on the aesthetics and the right coloring material is selected it will give the place a beautiful form. MentionsL1A Conservation of fuel and power in new homes hypertext transfer protocol: //australbricks.com/sustainability/the-benefits-of-bricks/ hypertext transfer protocol: //source4me.co.uk/calculate_cavity_wall.php hypertext transfer protocol: //www.glengery.com/brick-products? utm_source=glengerybrick.com & amp ; utm_medium=domain-referral & amp ; utm_campaign=301-redirect hypertext transfer protocol: //australbricks.com/getmedia/256750aa-5b5d-4e15-94e2-9cf896a23b73/Bricks-For-Living-Brochure.aspx/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.markgroup.co.uk/homeowners/insulation/cavity-wall-insulation? gclid=CPKMrd7A-cECFRMatAod0DsAjA hypertext transfer protocol: //www.planningportal.gov.uk/permission/commonprojects/externalwalls/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.unitedinsulations.co.uk/cavity-wall-insulation-faq hypertext transfer protocol: //www.homeworksenergy.co.uk/external-wall-insulation/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.greenhus.co.uk/about-external-wall-insulation/benefits-of-external-wall-insulation/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ask-hanson.com/u-value-calculator.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.diydata.com/general_building/roof_construction/roof_construction.php hypertext transfer protocol: //www.planningportal.gov.uk/permission/commonprojects/roof/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.builditgreen.co.uk/products-services/roof-finishes.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.tra.org.uk/trussed-rafters.php? id=30 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fforest.co.uk/PDFs/wolf_systems_trussed_rafter_technical_manual.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //www.trada.co.uk/images/onlinebooks/7E93B0B4-0131-475E-8C39-563AD4FBF9E9/ hypertext transfer protocol: //great-home.co.uk/a-guide-to-roof-construction/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.kingspaninsulation.co.uk/Services/Technical-Services-Department/U-value-Calculations.aspx Mike, R ; Alison, C ( 2014 ) .Construction Technology 1: House Construction. 3rd erectile dysfunction. Hampshire: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN. 276-294. Numan Samha 1420688

Critical Thinking And Decision Making Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Critical Thinking And Decision Making - Essay Example The way my grandmother narrated her story allowed me to catch a glimpse of her past, which somehow reflected the pathos of the speech. It’s difficult to separate my emotional attachment with her and the pathos of her story, but I remember not feeling any form of pain or suffering from her speech; what I felt was sympathy. The logos, meanwhile, consisted of some information about the past and present states of education in the country. It was not widely different from what I had seen on books, newspapers, and news programs. She presented generally accepted truths about education instead of making logical connections among different premises. The speech had strengths and possessed several areas which can be improved. The main rhetorical component which made the speech persuasive was the ethos. My grandmother lives a very successful life which mirrors her values and beliefs about education. In addition, our emotional connection highlighted the otherwise absent pathos in the speech. My grandmother did not express any form of emotional appeal but I subtly sympathized with her experience. I think the logos could have functioned better if my grandmother drew logical conclusions from her experience with good education. A dramatic experience, meanwhile, could have firmly established the pathos of the speech. Assessing my grandmother’s speech improved my understanding of the three rhetorical components. A speech can be persuasive even if it stands on only one component (i.e. ethos in the case of my grandmother) but it would be more effective if it draws on the strengths of the other two components. I also realized that pathos need not be established as long as the speaker is emotionally connected with the

Outline the development of global ecotourism over the last 30 years, Essay

Outline the development of global ecotourism over the last 30 years, What has fuelled its rise What challenges has it faced - Essay Example While the usual forms of travel are concerned only about the wants of the traveller, the focus of ecotourism is on the positive ways the traveller can impact the host country and its inhabitants. The impetus to the economic growth of the world provided by ecotourism prompted the United Nations to declare 2002 as the International Year of Ecotourism to signify its importance. The underdeveloped countries can make significant economic gains through effectively utilizing ecotourism to generate employment and alleviate poverty. The seed of ecotourism was sown in the developed countries. The creation of National Parks in America was the precursor that evolved into the methods and structures of ecotourism over the years. When the Redwood National Park of California was created in 1968 to protect the redwoods from total depletion through continuous logging, local people economically dependent on such exploitation suddenly found themselves without a livelihood. However, the flow of tourists to the region increased and the loggers gradually became hotel owners, tour guides and contractors with some retraining by the federal government and their expertise about the redwood forests. In fact, this expertise was utilized for reseeding the redwoods and controlling fire and flood. Thus ecotourism developed to address the need for preserving the earth’s natural resources by creating a travel infrastructure that besides boosting tourism would take care of the economic needs of the local people in a sustainable environment. The idea of ecotourism as we know it in the modern age started gaining ground from the 1980s. The idea possibly originated as a venture by a few entrepreneurs who saw business opportunity in the growing desire among the tourists to visit remote places not hitherto trodden where they could experience nature in all her unspoiled glory. These entrepreneurs set up eco lodges which

Space Tourism Intro Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Space Tourism Intro - Essay Example Over-all Introduction of the Topic This paper entitled Risk Management Analysis: Space Tourism is about the identification of risks involved–and its ways to resolve and reduce them–in getting Space Tourism in full swing. It emphasizes the risk identification; so that the concerned people can consequently apply them to reduce imminent risks in space tourism, to save lives. This paper–albeit its delicate stand towards space tourism–stresses the positive aspect of space tourism as an opportunity to bring Science and luxury travel to new heights. It looks at space tourism not a profiteering racket by industry giants but as an evolving idea of space travel capable of giving a completely safe travel option for the next destination in the outer space. This paper has emphasized the aspects, which are to be scrutinized, in the area of space travel. Generally, these aspects are: history of space travel, suborbital flights, past accidents and, ultimately, the risk id entification. The group behind this paper considers the topic as worthy of doing a detailed risk analysis since it is futuristic. And, it is simply bearing in mind the safety of people and of the entire space industry to prevent their loss of lives and their investment, respectively. Lastly, we hope that this paper entitled Risk Management Analysis: Space Tourism can be a good reference–and a scientific journal at that–for concerned people. Unless we can’t stress to NASA–and other space administrations worldwide–not to take for granted the safety issues of human spaceflights, the space industry can’t assure the riding public of a superior and safe travel experience. History of Space Tourism When the Soviet Union successfully launched the Sputnik artificial satellite fifty-four years ago on October 4, 1957 (nasa.gov), the humanity was ushered in a new era of space science which dates back from the past. Later, on April of 1961, the newspaper The Huntsville Times of Alabama reported the feat of a Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin in the banner â€Å"Man Enters Space† (nasa.gov). Gagarin is said to be successful in his April 12 orbital flight in the Vostok 1 spacecraft. Alan Shepard followed suit when he â€Å"became the first American in space less than a month† (nasa.gov). These, and few others, were monumental turning points in history which started to encourage people to raise the bar in luxury travel. Recently, space travel is becoming exclusive to astronauts – or cosmonauts – and multi-millionaires who can shell out millions of US dollars for a ticket, as well. But, the more progressive breakthrough in space tourism is the relatively cheaper means to travel in the space. Private launch services and satellite builders are there to cater to people who wish to visit the  International Space Station. (nasa.gov). For those who cannot afford, there is cheaper alternative. There is even an intera ctive video game for simulated space tourism. For those who wish to have a taste inside the International Space Station, Vision Videogames LLC made an agreement with NASA to create the video game SpaceStationSim (nasa.gov) so that people can encounter lifelike missions inside the space station. But it has to provide actual experiences. To date, federal funds have also supported infrastructure development–

Is the Anglo-American special relationship an equal relationship Essay

Is the Anglo-American special relationship an equal relationship - Essay Example The term had its roots in the shared values, common language and historical experiences. The term provided that the two countries were to collaborate in the fight against a common enemy and pursue of common objectives together. The Anglo-American co-operation also discouraged the American manipulation of the British economic weakness. It also helped to manage the mismatch between Britain’s overseas capabilities and commitments. The Anglo-American treaty meant that US was to tolerate the British discriminatory practices such as support for British established overseas interest, the sterling Area and allow the British policy makers to abandon their unsustainable territories without US viewing Britain as a weak country (Dorey 2005, p.73). The aspiration of the Anglo-American relationship seemed unrealistic after the Second World War. This was because of the loan given to UK by US during the Second World War, severe differences over the Palestine question, the unbridled pursuit of international free trade by US, and betrayal in the nuclear research. The reaffirmation of the special relationship between the two countries enabled Britain to regain some of its lost influence in Washington. The relationship created opportunities to for UK to harness Americans powers. the British and US took a central role in the structuring of post war international order by creating institution such as the UN security council, the Bretton Wood system, the NATO and the GATT. The mutual economic interdependence strengthened the partnership between UK and US. For example, the sterling become the reserve currency for the Bretton woods system, America surpassed Australia as the British biggest export market in the year 1956. The Anglo-American economic relation was also crucial in the subordination of the multilateralism enforcement to the western world by US (Dorey 2005, p.74). The central agenda in the Anglo-American co-operation was the defense alliance, which involved the sharin g of military technology and intelligence. For example, the US Atomic Energy act restored the nuclear relationship curtailed by the McMahon Act. Britain also accessed the US key to controversial bases and facilities in the homeland and the Polaris submarine base (Dorey 2005, p.74). Britain also benefited a lot from the Anglo-American relationship during the cold war. America provided several economic relief and the Britain transferred unsustainable territories of Greece and turkey. This was important for the two nations as US was British greatest friend and it helped to maintain the impression of the Anglo-American solidarity. America was the power capable of supporting the British interest, and Britain’s international status relied on the American willingness to treat Britain as a partner in their relationship (Dorey 2005, p.74). The Anglo-American relationship played a crucial role in Britain’s international policy during the Second World War. During this period, Bri tain needed to win US sympathy and material aid so as to survive, especially after the fall of France in July 1940. After 1940, the propaganda about Britain’s ailing economy spread in North America. This made Britain seek financial aid from US president, Franklin Roosevelt in the form of a ‘lend’ lease programme to finance it war programmes (Addison

Chemistry Problems Scholarship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Chemistry Problems - Scholarship Essay Example As the activation energy decreases the rate of reaction increases. So the rate of the reaction would be fastest for the reaction with minimum activation energy (Ea = 10 kJ/mole). 19. From the data it can be seen that as the concentration of Br2 is doubled keeping the concentration of NO constant, the rate of reaction is doubled. This means that the reaction is first order with respect to Br2. 20. From the data it can be seen that as the concentration of reactant A is increased to 4 times, keeping the concentration of B and C constant, the rate of the reaction increases by 4 times. This means that the reaction is first order with respect to A. Similarly when the concentration of reactant A is increased to twice the value and that of reactant B is also increased to twice the value, keeping the concentration of reactant C constant, the rate of reaction increases to twice the value. As this increment is attributed to reactant A therefore the order of the reaction with respect to B is zero. 2. According to the Le Chatlier's principle, for a exothermic reaction if the temperature of the reaction is increased the value of the equilibrium constant decreases. As the equilibrium constant decreases the concentration of products is lowered. .. This means that the reaction is first order with respect to A. Similarly when the concentration of reactant A is increased to twice the value and that of reactant B is also increased to twice the value, keeping the concentration of reactant C constant, the rate of reaction increases to twice the value. As this increment is attributed to reactant A therefore the order of the reaction with respect to B is zero. 23. We know that for a first order reaction: t=1klnAt Therefore for a first order reaction, the plot of At versus t would be a logarithmic curve and not a straight line. 24. For the stoichiometry of the given reaction: 4 NH3 + 7 O2 4 NO2 + 6 H2O From the reaction it can be seen that highest moles of O2 are consumed in the reaction. Therefore it can be assumed that the O2 is removed the fastest during the reaction. Module 2 1. For the given reaction the equilibrium constant of the reaction can be given as: K= [HI]2H2I2=0.5520.15*0.33=6.11 2. According to the Le Chatlier's principle, for a exothermic reaction if the temperature of the reaction is increased the value of the equilibrium constant decreases. As the equilibrium constant decreases the concentration of products is lowered. 4. For the reaction: CO (g) + 3H2 (g) CH4 (g) + H2O (g) Q=CH4H2OCOH23=0.0620*0.05500.0450*0.1323=32.95 Given that equilibrium constant K=3.93. So Q>K and therefore the reaction would proceed in the backward direction. 7. For the reaction: 6CO2 (g) + 6H2O (l) C6H12O6 (s) + 6O2 (g) The equilibrium constant would be given by: K=C6H12O6O26CO26H2O6 As the activity for the solid and liquid compounds can be taken to be 1, therefore the net equilibrium constant would be given by: K=O26CO26 8. From the given data the initial molarity of NOCl is